Raspberry Pi raspi-config System Basic Configuration

# System Basic Configuration To change the password for the pi account or modify the Raspberry Pi's hostname, you would need to use the 'passwd' command or edit the "/etc/hosts" and "/etc/hostname" files, which is a very inconvenient method for unfamiliar users. Raspberry Pi provides a program called "raspi-config" to conveniently change these system settings. Let's use this to perform basic system configuration for using the Raspberry Pi. Click on the terminal icon indicated below to run the terminal. In the terminal, enter the following: pi@raspberryPi:~ $ sudo raspi-config As shown in the figure below, nine main menus will appear. Navigation between menus uses arrow keys, the Tab key is used for selection, and the Space bar and Enter key are used for confirmation. Each menu's functions are as follows: **1. Change user password** This menu changes the password for the Raspberry Pi's default user "pi", enabling password changes without needing to enter the password command in the console window. As shown below, you will be prompted to enter a new password. When entering the new password, no change will appear on the screen, but don't worry—it is being entered correctly. (The input does not appear as asterisks (****) on the screen based on the number of characters entered.) Enter new UNIX password : Retype new UNIX password : When the message "Password changed successfuly" appears on the screen, the password has been changed. **2. Network Option** Provides methods to change hostname among network-related settings, connect to WiFi, and change the naming method for network interface names. **N1. Hostname Wait for Network at Boot** You can change the hostname. (Modifies the contents of the "/etc/hostname" and "/etc/hosts" files. Changes the computer name "raspberrypi" in the prompt "pi@raspberrypi : ~" that appears when running the terminal.) **N2. Wi-Fi** Receives the SSID and Password (passphrase) of the wireless AP (Access Point) you want to use and configures the Wi-Fi connection. **N3. Network interfaces names** Configures the use of unpredictable interface names instead of traditional network interface names that are predictable, such as those that have been used in Linux (eth0, eth1, …, wlan0, wlan1, …). **3. Boot option** Sets the execution options when the Raspberry Pi system starts. Choose one of the four options below. **B1. Desktop / CLI** At startup, you can choose whether to start with GUI (Graphic User Interface: X-Windows) or CLI (Command Line Interface: command prompt environment). Select one of the four options below. **B1**. Console ——————————— Text Console startup (ID and Password input required) **B2**. Console, Autologin ———— Text Console startup, automatic login (ID and Password input not required) **B3**. Desktop GUI ————————— Desktop GUI startup (ID and Password input required) **B4**. Desktop GUI, Autologin ——— Desktop GUI startup, automatic login (ID and Password input not required) (The default setting is "B4. Desktop GUI, Autologin". Desktop GUI refers to the X-Windows environment in Linux.) **B2. Wait for Network at Boot** Choose whether to proceed during startup without checking the network connection status (Fast) or to proceed after checking (Slow). **B3. Splash Screen** Choose whether to display the PIXEL Logo image on the screen during startup. ## 4. Localisation option Configuration related to region and country, setting Locale, standard time, and keyboard layout. **I1. Change Locale** This corresponds to the "Region or Language" item in Windows Control Panel. Date, time, currency unit display, etc., will follow the format of the set Locale. Change the default "United Kingdom" setting to "South Korea." Use the up and down arrow keys to move to the currently set locale (en_GB.UTF-8), use the Space bar to deselect it, and add the United States (en_US.UTF-8) and South Korea (ko_KR.UTF-8) locales. As shown in the figures above, there are 3 locale variants each for en_GB and en_US, and 2 for ko_KR, but you must select UTF-8 among them. After installing the added Locale, set the "Default locale for system" to en_US. (For correct screen display before installing Korean fonts) **I2. Change Timezone** Set the standard time. Set to Asia > Seoul. **I3. Change Keyboard Layout (* Raspberry Pi 3 B+ Skip: Korean input may not work)** Since the default setting is UK (United Kingdom), if you do not change it, when you enter "#", "￡" (British currency symbol pound sign) will be input instead. **I4. Change Wi-fi country** The default setting is GB (United Kingdom), but you do not necessarily need to change it to KR. If changed, there is a bug where the Wi-Fi settings will not be properly applied when configuring WiFi in the GUI environment. ## 5. Interfaceing option Configure options related to connecting the Raspberry Pi to peripheral devices. **P1. Camera** Select whether to enable the Raspberry Pi camera connection port. (Select Enable when using Pi Camera) **P2. SSH** Set whether to enable Secure Shell Server Daemon (security-enhanced remote access server). It is already set by default. Unless there is a special reason, use it as is. (It is a very useful feature.) **P3. VNC** Select whether to enable the VNC (Virtual Network Computing) server daemon for GUI remote access. Select it to enable GUI remote access using the Real VNC client program. **P4. SPI** Configure to use Raspberry Pi BCM GPIO 07, 08, 09, 10, 11 respectively as CE1, CE0, MISO, MOSI, SCLK functions of the SPI communication port. **P5. I2C** Configure to use Raspberry Pi BCM GPIO 00, 01, 02, 03 respectively as SDA0, SCL0, SDA1, SCL1 functions of the I2C communication port. **P6. Serial** Set whether to use the /dev/ttyAMA0 serial port as Serial Console in Raspberry Pi versions 1 and 2. If selected, you can monitor the Raspberry Pi's status and change settings through serial communication connection without connecting a monitor and keyboard. To use the /dev/ttyAMA0 port for communication with other devices, you must select this option. For Raspberry Pi 3, if you use the serial console, add the following content at the end of the /boot/config.txt file and reboot. (In this case, Bluetooth will be disabled.) # add bellow for using serial console with /dev/ttyAMA0 enable_uart=1 dtoverlay=pi3-miniuart-bt **P7. 1-Wire** Select whether to enable the 1-Wire communication interface. **P8. Remote GPIO** Select whether to enable the server that allows controlling GPIO through the network. **6. Overclock** Raspberry Pi versions prior to Raspberry Pi 3 provide a menu to set the clock frequency higher than the reference frequency, but for Raspberry Pi 3 operating at 1.2GHz, higher frequencies can no longer be set. **7. Advanced Option** Configure SSH server daemon operation, serial console usage, and GPIO I2C and SPI port activation status, etc. **A1. Expand Filesystem** The RASPBIAN system image is distributed written to run on a Micro SD card of at least 4GB (recent RASPBIAN image size is 3.75GB). When this image is written to a Micro SD card, 0.25GB of unallocated disk space occurs for 4GB, 4.25GB for 8GB, and 12.25GB for 16GB. The Expand Filesystem menu expands the filesystem to make unallocated disk space usable. **A2. Overscan** Improves screen display abnormalities when connecting older CRT monitors (no need to configure when using LCD monitors). **A3. Memory Spilt** Set the capacity to allocate to video memory from the base memory. (CLI: 128 MB / GUI: approximately 256MB is appropriate.) **A4. Audio** Set the audio output direction to either HDMI or 3.5Φ Audio Jack. (**0.** Auto select / **1.** 3.5Φ Audio Jack / **2.** HDMI) **A5. Resolution** Configure HDMI/DVI video resolution when booting without a monitor (affects VNC usage). **A6. Pixel Doubling** Configure when you want to view the desktop environment on a high-resolution monitor. **A7. GL Driver** Set whether to enable hardware graphics acceleration through the OpenGL library when using X-Windows on Raspberry Pi 2 and 3. **8. Update** When adding applications to a Linux system, they are obtained from a Repository where the application is stored on the network. Therefore, the system has a list (/etc/apt/sources.list) where Repository addresses for all installable applications are recorded. When an application's Repository changes, updating this list with new information is the update process. (sudo apt-get install update) **9. About raspi-config** This is not a configuration menu. It briefly mentions the purpose and description of the raspi-config program.