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[Interview] “Vehicle Communications, Where Even Simple Failures Can Threaten Lives—Fix Them with Accurate Testing”
Published2017.04.25 11:27Interest in connected cars is rising due to European eCall regulations becoming mandatory next year.
Keysight Provides Test Solutions for Coexistence and Interference Between Telematics Wireless Communication Methods
If you get into an accident while driving, you call 119. Even if you witness an accident while driving, you call 119. It is a natural course of action. But what happens after you make the call? How many people would accurately report, "This is the SUV involved in a triple collision on the third lane of Route 15, which crosses from Seoul to the East Sea"?
This is the background behind the European Commission's announcement of a regulation requiring all new cars to be equipped with an emergency call (eCall) module starting in April 2018. 'eCall' is a calling method in which the driver, either directly or the vehicle itself, transmits data including vehicle type, time, location, and direction in the event of an accident. This is part of telematics technology, which is considered the core of connected cars.
I heard about telematics technology and its testing technology from Jang Seung-taek, a manager at Keysight Korea.
Q. As autonomous vehicles become a reality, the importance of safety, which is directly linked to life, is being highlighted. There are various communication technologies applied to vehicle communication, such as V2V and V2X.
A. Considering the scope of application in the current situation, cellular technology is said to be suitable for V2I, while WAVE technology is suitable for V2V due to technical safety, readiness of test specifications, and latency. Therefore, the strengths of both cellular and WAVE communication technologies must be appropriately utilized.
Q. It seems the situation will change again with the introduction of 5G, which is expected to be the next-generation communication with low latency, high reliability, and fast data speeds. As a result, testing doesn't seem like it will be easy either.
A. If all the various characteristics of 5G technology are met, it appears that it can replace existing WAVE or cellular technologies. However, taking the broadband bandwidth usage of mmWave—one of 5G's features—as an example, 5G is akin to sending fast data over a wide highway. Therefore, it utilizes high mmWave frequency bands. Measurements are also conducted through radiation tests using antennas rather than traditional cables. For this reason, accurate mmWave testing and an understanding of antenna technology are crucial.
Spectral analysis of real-time interference and coexistence phenomena is important
Q. I heard that the key to connected car design and testing is interference and the verification of real-world scenarios. What is the most important factor in testing coexistence and interference phenomena between telematics devices?
A. It is the spectral analysis of real-time interference and coexistence phenomena. To test for interference between adjacent channels or other signals, the signal generator must generate a signal by combining multiple signals. Keysight provides tools that allow for easy configuration and analysis of these functions.
Q. Then, how does Keysight's signal generator respond to irregular changes in signal strength caused by obstacles or movement in a vehicle environment?
A. Keysight test solutions can generate signals for various cellular signals (2G/3G/4G) and diverse in-vehicle wireless communication methods (BT/WLAN/GPS/Broadcast signals), either individually or in combination. Additionally, various fading signals can be created and simulated using the Real-time Fading Signal Studio.
Q. I have heard that Europe is standardizing eCall, Russia ERA-GLONASS, and the US and Asia are also proceeding with eCall standardization. How is eCall verification performed, and what measures should engineers take?
A. “eCall must apply eight requirements: ▲ operate using only GNSS; ▲ be equipped with an automatically running system (GSM/UMTS) without using a modem; ▲ send information on the last three locations recorded in the MSD; ▲ establish cooperation standards within Europe (urban or rural); ▲ set response times and recording intervals defined as errors; ▲ set appropriate test times for the IVS modem to resume operation after the GPS stops; ▲ assume a moving vehicle situation; and ▲ assume a highway situation. Engineers must verify that the IVS module operates according to eCall standard procedures.
Q. What should be the primary focus when verifying and testing wireless communication in future automobiles?
A. Stability, accuracy, and scalability. Even a simple communication failure can threaten human lives. Keysight supports various wireless communication methods and also provides calibration services and professional training services for accurate measurements.
Q. I heard that China Mobile announced plans to establish Cellular V2X (C-V2X) by 2019. What roadmap does Keysight have for V2X?
A. “We participate in various consortium and standard meetings, such as IWPC and 3GPP, to propose measurement methods and solutions, and we attended this year's eCall Testfest. Although it was our first time attending, we received positive evaluations regarding interoperability between devices.” In addition, we plan to rapidly support solutions related to vehicle signal measurement by participating in various consortia such as 5GAA.
Please click to view the Korean brochure and demo video for Keysight's eCall solution for connected cars .
If you get into an accident while driving, you call 119. Even if you witness an accident while driving, you call 119. It is a natural course of action. But what happens after you make the call? How many people would accurately report, "This is the SUV involved in a triple collision on the third lane of Route 15, which crosses from Seoul to the East Sea"?
This is the background behind the European Commission's announcement of a regulation requiring all new cars to be equipped with an emergency call (eCall) module starting in April 2018. 'eCall' is a calling method in which the driver, either directly or the vehicle itself, transmits data including vehicle type, time, location, and direction in the event of an accident. This is part of telematics technology, which is considered the core of connected cars.
I heard about telematics technology and its testing technology from Jang Seung-taek, a manager at Keysight Korea.
<Seungtaek Jang, Manager / Keysight USA>
Q. As autonomous vehicles become a reality, the importance of safety, which is directly linked to life, is being highlighted. There are various communication technologies applied to vehicle communication, such as V2V and V2X.
A. Considering the scope of application in the current situation, cellular technology is said to be suitable for V2I, while WAVE technology is suitable for V2V due to technical safety, readiness of test specifications, and latency. Therefore, the strengths of both cellular and WAVE communication technologies must be appropriately utilized.
Q. It seems the situation will change again with the introduction of 5G, which is expected to be the next-generation communication with low latency, high reliability, and fast data speeds. As a result, testing doesn't seem like it will be easy either.
A. If all the various characteristics of 5G technology are met, it appears that it can replace existing WAVE or cellular technologies. However, taking the broadband bandwidth usage of mmWave—one of 5G's features—as an example, 5G is akin to sending fast data over a wide highway. Therefore, it utilizes high mmWave frequency bands. Measurements are also conducted through radiation tests using antennas rather than traditional cables. For this reason, accurate mmWave testing and an understanding of antenna technology are crucial.
Spectral analysis of real-time interference and coexistence phenomena is important
Q. I heard that the key to connected car design and testing is interference and the verification of real-world scenarios. What is the most important factor in testing coexistence and interference phenomena between telematics devices?
A. It is the spectral analysis of real-time interference and coexistence phenomena. To test for interference between adjacent channels or other signals, the signal generator must generate a signal by combining multiple signals. Keysight provides tools that allow for easy configuration and analysis of these functions.
Q. Then, how does Keysight's signal generator respond to irregular changes in signal strength caused by obstacles or movement in a vehicle environment?
A. Keysight test solutions can generate signals for various cellular signals (2G/3G/4G) and diverse in-vehicle wireless communication methods (BT/WLAN/GPS/Broadcast signals), either individually or in combination. Additionally, various fading signals can be created and simulated using the Real-time Fading Signal Studio.
Q. I have heard that Europe is standardizing eCall, Russia ERA-GLONASS, and the US and Asia are also proceeding with eCall standardization. How is eCall verification performed, and what measures should engineers take?
A. “eCall must apply eight requirements: ▲ operate using only GNSS; ▲ be equipped with an automatically running system (GSM/UMTS) without using a modem; ▲ send information on the last three locations recorded in the MSD; ▲ establish cooperation standards within Europe (urban or rural); ▲ set response times and recording intervals defined as errors; ▲ set appropriate test times for the IVS modem to resume operation after the GPS stops; ▲ assume a moving vehicle situation; and ▲ assume a highway situation. Engineers must verify that the IVS module operates according to eCall standard procedures.
Keysight E6950A eCall/ ERA-GLONASS Conformity Test Solution
Q. What should be the primary focus when verifying and testing wireless communication in future automobiles?
A. Stability, accuracy, and scalability. Even a simple communication failure can threaten human lives. Keysight supports various wireless communication methods and also provides calibration services and professional training services for accurate measurements.
Q. I heard that China Mobile announced plans to establish Cellular V2X (C-V2X) by 2019. What roadmap does Keysight have for V2X?
A. “We participate in various consortium and standard meetings, such as IWPC and 3GPP, to propose measurement methods and solutions, and we attended this year's eCall Testfest. Although it was our first time attending, we received positive evaluations regarding interoperability between devices.” In addition, we plan to rapidly support solutions related to vehicle signal measurement by participating in various consortia such as 5GAA.
Please click to view the Korean brochure and demo video for Keysight's eCall solution for connected cars .
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